Construction of earthquake resistant masonry buildings with RCC slab, Stone patti slab or inclined tiled roof

 

Essential elements of earthquake safety

1. Lintel Bands

2. Roof Floor Band

3. Vertical reinforcing bar at corners

4. Door/Window/Opening Band

5. Plinth Band

 

• Provide RCC pillars, lintel bands and plinth bands as shown in figure 

 

• The concrete bands must be provided with reinforcement steel and
  arranged as shown in figure 2. 
   

• The reinforcement and sizes of concrete bands must be provided as per details given in IS 4326 for different building types and earthquake zones
  Details of concrete bands given below

 

 

The step by step method for constructing a typical masonry structure is shown below

 

Step 1: Reinforcement for columns raised and grouted while laying the foundation.

For vertical steel requirement follow links below as per your seismic zone:

 

 

Carry out Brick masonry as usual up to plinth level except for leaving the spaces for RCC columns.

The brick masonry must be left near column joints in the form of alternate toothed joint.

To see how to carry out good brick masonry, Click Here

 

 

 

Step 2: Provide shuttering at the outer two sides or one side as the case may be and fill the space with required grade of concrete 1:1.5:3.

To see how to make good concrete, Click Here

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Step 3: Provide plinth band with required reinforcement as shown in the figure to the right. 

The reinforcement and sizes of concrete bands must be provided as per details given in IS 4326 for different building types and earthquake zones

For viewing details of cocrete bands click links below

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Step 4: Raise brick masonry further up to a height of lintel or top of openings. Same technique to be used as illustrated in step 1 for providing toothed joints.

Also, provide RCC bands with minimum reinforcement along the sides of the openings as shown in figure to the right

Provide lapping in the reinforcement bars of the columns if required to extend to desired height of the building.

The details of the plinth bands is similar to other bands provided as per IS 4326.

 

 

 

 

 

Step 5: Carry out the concreting of the pillars as explained in step 1 above.

Follow the same procedure for cocreting as explained earlier in above steps

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Step 6: Provide a lintel band above all the openings, preferably a continuous band on all the walls, main walls as well as cross walls as shown below in figure to the right. 

The reinforcement in bands must be tied to the reinforcement in pillars or columns as shown in figure 3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Step 7: Raise the brick masonry to desired storey height following the same procedure and steps as explained earlier and shown in the figure to the right.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Step 8: Fill the space for RCC pillars/columns with concrete as explained earlier and shown in figure to the right. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Step 9: Provide RCC slab as usual with required reinforcement as shown in figure below

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Step 10: The same process may be repeated for constructing second floor as well